Haroldo de Campos The Ethics and Poetics of Transcreation Essay Example

Haroldo de Campos: The Ethics and Poetics of Transcreation Essay Haroldo de Campos: The Ethics and Poetics of Transcreation This paper discusses the Brazilian theory and practice of translation as transcreation, set in motion in the 1950s by the Neograndes group of concrete poets (namely the late Haroldo de Campos, his brother Augusto and Dcio Pignateri), in light of two of the most challenging cultural approaches to translation in the late 1990s: Lawrence Venutis alignment with an ethics of difference in translation (1997), and Henri Meschonnicss call for a poetics of translating (1999). Following Venutis lead that minority situations redefine what constitutes thedomestic and theforeign, the concept of transcreation will be analyzed as a forcible junction of a European metaphysics of translation that displaces the original (Benjamin, Derrida) and an indigenous anthropophagic tradition, updated by the modernist Oswald de Andrade as the absorption of the sacred [Western colonial] enemy. In Haroldo de Camposs writings, however, the indebtedness to primitive traditions and art forms is matched with the recovery of a creolized Iberian baroque. Furthermore, both are but parcels of a universal poetical legacy that needs to be expropriated and appropriated through translation in order to bring Brazilian cultural productions to the fore of a poetics of modernity that is basically construed through Western parameters, catapulting Brazilian concretism to its visionary role in the post-industrial technological era. Haroldo de Campos anchors the poetics of concretism in the avant-garde experiments of authors such as Mallarm, Pound and Joyce. Mallarms A Throw of Dice (1897) is seen as the precursor of the verbi-voco-visual experiments of the concrete poets, where structural elements such as rhythm and (typographical) spatiality are privileged over ve

Free Essays on Frantz Fannon

Frantz Fanon Fanon writes about decolonization in both Africa and in South America. The process of decolonization in his mind is a violent process. Decolonization is in also an issue of race because in the countries which are colonized by the westerners the colonized nations are of a different race. This also fuels the fire of violence in the colonized nations. The European nations who colonized the African nations did so with an iron fist. They ruled the people using fear and punishment. This use of fear and violence is what the native people used to get rid of the foreigners. Fighting for their own land the native people will fight to the end because that is all they have to stand for. In the colonizing efforts all native practices were abolished and in this the people find themselves more connected to their land. The violence which has held the native people back is what is going to propel them into independence. The colonist bourgeoisie were the people who ran the colonies. The homes and businesses were taken over by the native middle class after the decolonization. This was a good thing for the native people but Fanon writes how this also restricted the people from doing other things. For example he speaks about South America and how it was turned into a tourist destination during the time of colonization. After the people fought for their freedom the native bourgeoisie took over the businesses and were forced to continue the tourist business. The colonized nations have little ability to move on and create new and profitable businesses. This is not helpful for the rest of the nation or country all of the lower class. These people don’t benefit from the decolonization and Fanon speaks on how the only people to benefit from the decolonization effort are the top five percent of the population. Another problem faced by the African nations was that 98 percent of the people were illiterate. This raises questio... Free Essays on Frantz Fannon Free Essays on Frantz Fannon Frantz Fanon Fanon writes about decolonization in both Africa and in South America. The process of decolonization in his mind is a violent process. Decolonization is in also an issue of race because in the countries which are colonized by the westerners the colonized nations are of a different race. This also fuels the fire of violence in the colonized nations. The European nations who colonized the African nations did so with an iron fist. They ruled the people using fear and punishment. This use of fear and violence is what the native people used to get rid of the foreigners. Fighting for their own land the native people will fight to the end because that is all they have to stand for. In the colonizing efforts all native practices were abolished and in this the people find themselves more connected to their land. The violence which has held the native people back is what is going to propel them into independence. The colonist bourgeoisie were the people who ran the colonies. The homes and businesses were taken over by the native middle class after the decolonization. This was a good thing for the native people but Fanon writes how this also restricted the people from doing other things. For example he speaks about South America and how it was turned into a tourist destination during the time of colonization. After the people fought for their freedom the native bourgeoisie took over the businesses and were forced to continue the tourist business. The colonized nations have little ability to move on and create new and profitable businesses. This is not helpful for the rest of the nation or country all of the lower class. These people don’t benefit from the decolonization and Fanon speaks on how the only people to benefit from the decolonization effort are the top five percent of the population. Another problem faced by the African nations was that 98 percent of the people were illiterate. This raises questio...